Day 1 Science: Living Things (生物)

🔬 Day 1 Science: Living Things (生物)

Hello, Sisi! Today we will learn about living things 生物. This is a key topic for PSLE Science!

📚 Key Vocabulary (重点词汇)

Living thing 生物
Non-living thing 非生物
Plant 植物
Animal 动物
Human 人类
Mammal 哺乳动物
Bird 鸟类
Reptile 爬行动物

🔹 Part 1: What are Living Things? (什么是生物?)

Living things 生物 are organisms that have life. They share 7 characteristics:

📌 MRS GREN (记忆口诀)

Movement(移动)- Living things can move

Respiration(呼吸)- Living things breathe

Sensitivity(感应)- Living things respond to stimuli

Growth(生长)- Living things grow

Reproduction(繁殖)- Living things reproduce

Excretion(排泄)- Living things produce waste

Nutrition(营养)- Living things need food

💡 Examples (例题)

  • Plants: Trees, flowers, grass – they grow and need sunlight
  • Animals: Dogs, cats, birds – they move and breathe
  • Humans: We can move, think, and reproduce

🎮 Interactive Demo: Living or Non-Living? (互动演示:生物还是非生物?)

Click on the items to classify(分类)them!

🌳 Tree🪨 Rock🐕 Dog🚗 Car🌸 Flower💧 Water🐦 Bird💻 Computer


🔹 Part 2: Types of Animals (动物类型)

Animals can be grouped into different categories 类别:

📌 Animal Groups (动物分类)

Mammals(哺乳动物): Have hair/fur, give birth to babies, produce milk

Birds(鸟类): Have feathers, lay eggs, have wings

Reptiles(爬行动物): Have scales, lay eggs, cold-blooded

Amphibians(两栖动物): Live on land and water, moist skin

Fish(鱼类): Live in water, have gills and scales

💡 Examples (例题)

  • Mammals: Dogs, cats, humans, whales
  • Birds: Eagles, penguins, sparrows
  • Reptiles: Snakes, lizards, turtles

🔹 Part 3: Practice Questions (练习题)

Q1: Which is NOT a characteristic of living things?

Q2: Which animal group has feathers?

Q3: What does MRS GREN stand for?


📝 Summary (本节总结)

  • ✅ Living things have 7 characteristics: MRS GREN
  • ✅ Animals are grouped into: Mammals, Birds, Reptiles, etc.
  • Mammals have hair and produce milk
  • Birds have feathers and lay eggs

Day 2 Science: Forces & Magnets (力与磁)

🧲 Day 2 Science: Forces & Magnets (力与磁)

🎧 Listen to the Lesson (听讲解)

Hello, Sisi! Today we’re going to learn about Forces & Magnets(力与磁). This is one of the most important topics in PSLE Science!

📚 Key Vocabulary (重点词汇)

Force
Push
Pull
Friction 摩擦力
Gravity 重力
Magnet 磁铁
Magnetic field 磁场
North pole 北极
South pole 南极
Newton (N) 牛顿(力的单位)


🔹 Part 1: What is a Force? (什么是力?)

A force(力) is a push(推) or a pull(拉) acting on an object.

Forces can:

  • 🚀 Make a stationary object move(开始运动)
  • 🛑 Make a moving object stop(停止)
  • 🔄 Change the direction(改变方向) of an object
  • 📏 Change the speed(改变速度) — faster or slower
  • 🫳 Change the shape(改变形状) of an object

The unit of force is the Newton (N)(牛顿).

🎮 Interactive Demo: See Forces in Action! (互动演示)



Click a button to see the force in action!


🔹 Part 2: Types of Forces (力的类型)

1. Frictional Force (摩擦力) ⭐⭐⭐

Friction(摩擦力) is a force that opposes motion(阻碍运动) between two surfaces in contact.

📝 Key Point: Friction always acts in the opposite direction(相反方向) to motion.

💡 Example (例题)

Q: Why is it harder to slide a box on a rough surface than on a smooth surface?

A: Because a rough surface(粗糙表面) has more friction(更大的摩擦力) than a smooth surface. The rough surface creates more resistance against the motion of the box.

2. Gravitational Force (重力)

Gravity(重力) is the force of attraction(吸引力) between objects. On Earth, gravity pulls everything downwards(向下).

💡 Example (例题)

Q: A ball is thrown upwards. What force causes it to come back down?

A: The gravitational force(重力) of the Earth pulls the ball back down.

🎮 Interactive Demo: Gravity in Action! (重力演示)

🎾

Click “Drop” to see gravity in action!


🔹 Part 3: Magnets (磁铁)

A magnet(磁铁) is an object that produces a magnetic field(磁场) and attracts certain metals like iron(铁), nickel(镍), and cobalt(钴).

Magnet Poles (磁极)

Every magnet has two poles(极):

  • 🧭 North Pole (N)(北极)
  • 🧭 South Pole (S)(南极)

📌 Golden Rule of Magnets (磁铁黄金法则)

Like poles REPEL(同极相斥) — N repels N, S repels S

Unlike poles ATTRACT(异极相吸) — N attracts S

🎮 Interactive Demo: Magnets! (磁铁演示)

🧲 N
⬇️
🧲 S



Click to see magnets attract or repel!


🔹 Part 4: Practice Questions (练习题)

Q1: What force pulls objects towards the Earth?



Q2: Two magnets with their North poles facing each other will:



Q3: Which surface has the MOST friction?




📝 Summary (本节总结)

  • ✅ A force(力) is a push or a pull
  • Friction(摩擦力) opposes motion
  • Gravity(重力) pulls objects downwards
  • Like poles repel(同极相斥), unlike poles attract(异极相吸)

P6 科学重点英语词汇(修正版)

# P6 科学重点英语词汇

## 一、人体系统 Human Systems

### 循环系统 Circulatory System
1. heart 心脏 2. blood vessel 血管 3. artery 动脉 4. vein 静脉
5. capillary 毛细血管 6. blood 血液 7. red blood cell 红细胞 8. white blood cell 白细胞
9. platelet 血小板 10. plasma 血浆 11. oxygen 氧气 12. carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
13. nutrient 营养 14. pump 泵 15. circulate 循环 16. beat 跳动
17. pulse 脉搏 18. pressure 压力 19. circulation 循环 20. heart rate 心率

### 呼吸系统 Respiratory System
21. lung 肺 22. trachea 气管 23. bronchus 支气管 24. bronchiole 细支气管
25. alveolus 肺泡 26. diaphragm 膈肌 27. inhale 吸气 28. exhale 呼气
29. breathe 呼吸 30. gas exchange 气体交换 31. airway 气道 32. nostril 鼻孔
33. nasal cavity 鼻腔 34. throat 喉咙 35. larynx 喉 36. pharynx 咽
37. rib cage 肋骨 38. chest 胸部 39. oxygen intake 吸氧 40. air volume 气量

### 消化系统 Digestive System
41. mouth 口腔 42. tongue 舌头 43. tooth 牙齿 44. esophagus 食道
45. stomach 胃 46. small intestine 小肠 47. large intestine 大肠 48. liver 肝脏
49. pancreas 胰腺 50. gallbladder 胆囊 51. digestive 消化的 52. absorb 吸收
53. enzyme 酶 54. acid 酸 55. chew 咀嚼 56. swallow 吞咽
57. digest 消化 58. nutrient 营养 59. fiber 纤维 60. water 水

### 神经系统 Nervous System
61. brain 大脑 62. spinal cord 脊髓 63. nerve 神经 64. neuron 神经元
65. sense 感觉 66. reflex 反射 67. response 反应 68. stimulus 刺激
69. brain cell 脑细胞 70. nervous system 神经系统 71. think 思考 72. remember 记住
73. learn 学习 74. feel 感觉 75. touch 触摸 76. smell 气味
77. taste 味道 78. sight 视觉 79. hearing 听觉 80. movement 运动

## 二、能量 Energy

### 能量形式 Forms of Energy
1. kinetic energy 动能 2. potential energy 势能 3. thermal energy 热能
4. light energy 光能 5. electrical energy 电能 6. sound energy 声能
7. chemical energy 化学能 8. nuclear energy 核能 9. mechanical energy 机械能
10. gravitational energy 重力能 11. solar energy 太阳能 12. magnetic energy 磁能

### 能量转换 Energy Transformation
13. transform 转换 14. convert 转换 15. transfer 转移 16. produce 产生
17. store 储存 18. release 释放 19. consume 消耗 20. generate 产生
21. power 动力 22. battery 电池 23. generator 发电机 24. motor 电动机
25. transformer 变压器 26. efficiency 效率 27. loss 损失 28. conservation 守恒
29. renewable 可再生的 30. non-renewable 不可再生的

### 声音 Sound
31. vibration 振动 32. frequency 频率 33. amplitude 振幅 34. pitch 音调
35. loudness 音量 36. wave 波 37. medium 介质 38. solid 固体
39. liquid 液体 40. gas 气体 41. vacuum 真空 42. echo 回声
43. noise 噪音 44. music 音乐 45. instrument 乐器 46. decibel 分贝
47. ultrasonic 超声波 48. infrasonic 次声波 49. resonance 共振 50. Doppler effect 多普勒效应

### 光 Light
51. reflection 反射 52. refraction 折射 53. absorption 吸收 54. transmission 透射
55. mirror 镜子 56. lens 透镜 57. prism 棱镜 58. rainbow 彩虹
59. shadow 影子 60. transparent 透明的 61. translucent 半透明的 62. opaque 不透明的
63. convex 凸的 64. concave 凹的 65. focal point 焦点 66. incident ray 入射光线
67. reflected ray 反射光线 68. refracted ray 折射光线 69. total internal reflection 全反射
70. dispersion 色散

## 三、电 Electricity

1. circuit 电路 2. conductor 导体 3. insulator 绝缘体 4. switch 开关
5. battery 电池 6. bulb 灯泡 7. wire 电线 8. current 电流
9. voltage 电压 10. resistance 电阻 11. series circuit 串联电路 12. parallel circuit 并联电路
13. power source 电源 14. load 负载 15. open circuit 断路 16. closed circuit 通路
17. short circuit 短路 18. fuse 保险丝 19. plug 插头 20. socket 插座
21. ammeter 电流表 22. voltmeter 电压表 23. resistor 电阻器 24. capacitor 电容器
25. electromagnet 电磁铁 26. magnet 磁铁 27. north pole 北极 28. south pole 南极
29. magnetic field 磁场 30. electric charge 电荷

## 四、物质循环 Material Cycles

### 水循环 Water Cycle
1. evaporation 蒸发 2. condensation 凝结 3. precipitation 降水 4. collection 收集
5. transpiration 蒸腾 6. runoff 径流 7. groundwater 地下水 8. river 河流
9. lake 湖泊 10. ocean 海洋 11. cloud 云 12. rain 雨
13. snow 雪 14. hail 冰雹 15. sleet 雨夹雪 16. fog 雾
17. mist 薄雾 18. dew 露水 19. ice 冰 20. steam 蒸汽

### 碳循环 Carbon Cycle
21. photosynthesis 光合作用 22. respiration 呼吸作用 23. decomposition 分解作用
24. combustion 燃烧 25. carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 26. oxygen 氧气 27. glucose 葡萄糖
28. chlorophyll 叶绿素 29. leaf 叶子 30. plant 植物 31. animal 动物
32. fossil fuel 化石燃料 33. coal 煤 34. oil 石油 35. natural gas 天然气
36. greenhouse gas 温室气体 37. global warming 全球变暖 38. climate change 气候变化
39. carbon footprint 碳足迹 40. carbon cycle 碳循环

## 五、生态系统 Ecosystems

1. ecosystem 生态系统 2. environment 环境 3. habitat 栖息地 4. population 种群
5. community 群落 6. producer 生产者 7. consumer 消费者 8. decomposer 分解者
9. food chain 食物链 10. food web 食物网 11. predator 捕食者 12. prey 猎物
13. herbivore 食草动物 14. carnivore 食肉动物 15. omnivore 杂食动物 16. scavenger 食腐动物
17. parasite 寄生虫 18. symbiosis 共生 19. mutualism 互利共生 20. commensalism 偏利共生
21. parasitism 寄生 22. competition 竞争 23. cooperation 合作 24. adaptation 适应
25. evolution 进化 26. biodiversity 生物多样性 27. extinction 灭绝 28. conservation 保护
29. pollution 污染 30. deforestation 森林砍伐 31. erosion 侵蚀 32. sustainability 可持续性
33. renewable resource 可再生资源 34. non-renewable resource 不可再生资源 35. recycling 回收
36. waste 废物 37. landfill 垃圾填埋 38. compost 堆肥 39. biodegradable 可生物降解的
40. ecosystem balance 生态平衡